Since the populations were partially affiliated with the Arab Muslim culture of North Africa, they started to trade and be referred to by the Arabic speakers as Al-Sudan (meaning "The Blacks") as they were considered an extended part of the Muslim world. [292] Additionally, the very first music video played on MTV Base Africa (the 100th station on the MTV network) was Tuface Idibia's pan-African hit "African Queen". However, studies have also investigated the growth of indigenous trees in with that of exotic species. Nigeria's population increased by 57 million from 1990 to 2008, a 60% growth rate in less than two decades. Lagos has a number of sandy beaches by the Atlantic Ocean, including Elegushi Beach and Alpha Beach. Its last period of military rule ended in 1999 following the sudden death of former dictator Sani Abacha in 1998. [186] On 10 November 2008 (0900 GMT), the satellite was reportedly switched off for analysis and to avoid a possible collision with other satellites. Jonathan was generally praised for conceding defeat and limiting the risk of unrest. The world bank states Nigeria has had a 7.4% economic growth in July, 2019 which has been their highest yet since the gross domestic product rate decreased to 2%. [84][85] In August 1983 Shagari and the NPN were returned to power in a landslide victory, with a majority of seats in the National Assembly and control of 12 state governments. It is habitat for the drill monkey, which is found in the wild only in this area and across the border in Cameroon. In June 2015, Nigeria selected two sites for the planned construction of the nuclear plants. As the British approached the city of Sokoto, the new Sultan Muhammadu Attahiru I organized a quick defense of the city and fought the advancing British-led forces. Während sich das Land in der eigenen offiziellen Staatsbezeichnung al-Mamlaka al-Maghribīya Das Königreich des Sonnenuntergangs[9] als Maghrebinisches Königreich bezeichnet (bis in die 1960er Scherifisches Maghrebinisches Königreich), hat sich international die europäische Ableitung des Namens der ehemaligen Hauptstadt Marrakesch (marokkanisches Tamazight ⵎⵕⵕⴰⴽⵛ Mṛṛakc) für das gesamte Königreich Marokko durchgesetzt. The modern state originated with British colonialization in the 19th century, taking its present territorial shape with the merging of the Southern Nigeria Protectorate and Northern Nigeria Protectorate in 1914 by Lord Frederick Lugard. [53][54] Benin's power lasted between the 15th and 19th centuries. French may also be mixed with English as it is in Cameroon. [119], Upon gaining independence in 1960, Nigeria made African unity the centerpiece of its foreign policy and played a leading role in the fight against the apartheid government in South Africa. The two-party state had been a Political Bureau recommendation. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). All major parties have practised vote-rigging and other means of coercion to remain competitive. In 1983 the inspectors of the state-owned Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) began to notice "the slow poisoning of the waters of this country". Effective now until March 31, 2021, book travel with us departing between January 1, 2021 and December 31, 2021, and you can cancel and … [112][113] The two major political parties are the People's Democratic Party of Nigeria and the All Progressives Congress with twenty minor opposition parties are registered. Archaeological and linguistic evidence suggest the Ogoni have inhabited the Niger Delta for more than 500 years. [160], Nigeria is the 12th largest producer of petroleum in the world and the 8th largest exporter, and has the 10th largest proven reserves. There are 521 languages that have been spoken in Nigeria; nine of them are now extinct. [203], The middle belt of Nigeria is known for its diversity of ethnic groups, including the Pyem, Goemai, and Kofyar. Slavery’s last stronghold. [253], There is some major piracy in Nigeria, with attacks directed at all types of vessels. With 189 member countries, staff from more than 170 countries, and offices in over 130 locations, the World Bank Group is a unique global partnership: five institutions working for sustainable solutions that reduce poverty and build shared prosperity in developing countries. Learn how the World Bank Group is helping countries with COVID-19 (coronavirus). The festivals provide entertainment of dance and song to add excitement to travelers during a stay in Lagos. Construction has not begun but plans have not been canceled by 2016. [306] In 2015, Wellington Jighere became the first African player to win World Scrabble Championship. It was based on the Chinese DFH-4 satellite bus, and carries a variety of transponders: four C-band; fourteen Ku-band; eight Ka-band; and two L-band. The word is likely an alteration of the Tuareg name egerew n-igerewen used by inhabitants along the middle reaches of the river around Timbuktu prior to 19th-century European colonialism.[36][37]. The entry of exotic plants into Nigeria during the post-independence era was encouraged by increasing economic activity, the commencement of commercial oil explorations, introduction through ships, and introduction of ornamental plants by commercial floriculturists. Although Nigerian films have been produced since the 1960s, the country's film industry has been aided by the rise of affordable digital filming and editing technologies. In 1995 the government hanged environmentalist Ken Saro-Wiwa on trumped-up charges in the deaths of four Ogoni elders. [273] Submission of the wife to her husband and domestic violence are common. 2010 - A new constitution designed to restore civilian rule approved in referendum; Mahamadou Issoufou becomes president in 2011. Critically acclaimed writers of a younger generation include Adaobi Tricia Nwaubani, Chris Abani, Sefi Atta, Helon Habila, Helen Oyeyemi, Nnedi Okorafor, Kachi A. Ozumba, Sarah Ladipo Manyika, and Chika Unigwe. [8][9][10] The three largest ethnic groups are the Hausa–Fulani in the north, Yoruba in the west, and Igbo in the east, together comprising over 60% of the total population. ', Meltem Myftyler and Myberra Yyksel, 'Turkey: A Middle Power in the New Order', in. [110] Kin-selective altruism has made its way into Nigerian politics, resulting in tribalist efforts to concentrate Federal power to a particular region of their interests through.[111]. Today the country struggles in the face of frequent droughts, insurgency and wide-spread poverty. [69] France, Egypt, the Soviet Union, Britain, Israel, and others were deeply involved in the civil war behind the scenes. From independence, Nigeria has tried to develop a domestic nuclear industry for energy. A visiting Nigerian Senator reported that all the primary and post-primary schools, health centres, worship centres as well as the police station in the area were destroyed. In 1864, Samuel Ajayi Crowther became the first African bishop of the Anglican Church.[59]. A comprehensive approach strategy was extended to all areas of health care, with subsequent improvement in the health care indicators and improvement in health care efficiency and cost. As confraternities have extensive connections with political and military figures, they offer excellent alumni networking opportunities. [235] The new strategy dramatically increased accessibility through community-based health care reform, resulting in more efficient and equitable provision of services. It is estimated that over a million Nigerians have emigrated to the United States and constitute the Nigerian American populace. Lagos, subsequent to the re-modernization project achieved by the previous administration of Governor Raji Babatunde Fashola, is gradually becoming a major tourist destination, being one of the largest cities in Africa and in the world. There are also Ahmadiyya and Mahdiyya minorities,[217] as well as followers of the Baháʼí Faith. [6] Nigeria became a formally independent federation on October 1, 1960. But basic rights issues, such as slavery - which was only banned in 2003 and still remains a problem - and a high rate of illiteracy and disease, remain stubborn challenges. [192], The United Nations estimates that the population in 2018 was at 195,874,685[194][195], distributed as 51.7% rural and 48.3% urban, and with a population density of 167.5 people per square kilometre. Nigeriasat-1 was part of the worldwide Disaster Monitoring Constellation System. Report for Selected Countries and Subjects", "Remittances from diaspora Nigerians as lubricant for the economy", "Agriculture – Nigeria – export, growth, area, crops, farming, sector", "Nigeria closes part of border with Benin to check rice smuggling", "Stakes in four Nigerian oil fields being sold by Shell", "The New Economy of Africa: Opportunities for Nigeria's Emerging Technology Sector", "Africa's Booming Tech Hubs Are "Backbone of Tech Ecosystem" Having Grown 40% This Year", "Nigeria: Gold mine waiting to be tapped", "5 Advantages Of Driving An Innoson Vehicle", "Nissan to role out 1st made in Nigeria cars in April", "Industrial hub: Why more companies are moving to Ogun", "Ogun State: Nigeria's new Industrial hub", "Innoson cars will sell for N1 million in 2014 – Chukwuma", "Zinox Introduces Tablet Range of Computers, Plans Commercial Launch", "Will the new automotive policy give us affordable made-in-Nigeria car? (Schätzung 2019) Bevölkerungswachstum 2,6 % pro Jahr (2019) Regierungssitz Abuja Amtssprache Englisch Regionalsprachen Hausa, Yoruba, Igbo und ca. [49] In West Africa, the oldest bronzes made using the lost-wax process were from Igbo-Ukwu, a city under Nri influence. They won the African Cup of Nations in 1980, 1994, and 2013, and have also hosted the U-17 & U-20 World Cup. .css-1xgx53b-Link{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:700;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;color:#FFFFFF;}.css-1xgx53b-Link:hover,.css-1xgx53b-Link:focus{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;}Read about our approach to external linking. They established an organized social system under which men and women of courage and ability enjoyed special status. Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900) I have not done wrong, I have not done evil. It is a federal republic comprising 36 states and the Federal Capital Territory, where the capital, Abuja, is located. [282] Yet husbands continue to dictate the votes for many women in Nigeria, which upholds the patriarchal system.[283]. Übersichtsseite Niger Cookie Einwilligung Ich bin mindestens 16 Jahre alt und einverstanden, dass der DAAD (Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst e.V., Kennedyallee, 53175 Bonn) und Dritte Cookies einsetzen und Informationen über meine Nutzung dieser und zuvor besuchter Websites verarbeiten. Kanuri, spoken in the northeast, primarily in Borno and Yobe State, is part of the Nilo-Saharan family, and Hausa is an Afroasiatic language. [221] However, these estimates should be taken with caution because sample data is mostly collected from major urban areas in the south, which are predominantly Christian. [289], Muhammad al-Amin al-Kanemi, the Shehu of Borno. This remnant became known as "Sokoto Sultanate Council". They won the gold medal for football in the 1996 Summer Olympics (in which they beat Argentina) becoming the first African football team to win gold in Olympic football. 1960 - Niger becomes independent but a severe drought devastates the country, which enters a period of political instability and coups. [200][better source needed] Presently, Nigeria is the seventh most populous country in the world. [Note 1] The country has the world's fifth-largest Muslim population and sixth-largest Christian population,[13] with a minority practicing indigenous religions, such as those native to the Igbo and Yoruba ethnicities. Owobi Angrew, "Tiptoeing Through A Constitutional Minefield: The Great Sharia Controversy in Nigeria", Rais Akhtar; Health Care Patterns and Planning in Developing Countries, Greenwood Press, 1991. p. 264. [57] By the time of its break-up in 1903 into various European colonies, the Sokoto Caliphate was one of the largest pre-colonial African states. In this regard, some foreign vehicle manufacturing companies like Nissan have made known their plans to have manufacturing plants in Nigeria. ", OQTM – Nigeria celebrates 'greatest' victory, "Nigeria bobsled women qualify for Winter Olympics", "Why Nigeria produces Scrabble champions", "And The No. Niger-Saharian (Niger-Congo) ... Kiunguju (name for Swahili in Zanzibar), English (primary language of commerce, administration, and higher education) Arabic (widely spoken in Zanzibar), Gogo, Haya, Makonde, Nyakyusa, Nyamwezi, Sukuma, Tumbuka, many other local languages. [53][54] The majority of those enslaved and taken to these ports were captured in raids and wars. [128] Subsequently, Nigeria's economy is becoming over-reliant on cheap foreign imports to sustain itself, resulting in a clear decline in Nigerian Industry under such arrangements. Protestant and locally cultivated Christianity are also widely practiced in Western areas, while Roman Catholicism is a more prominent Christian feature of South Eastern Nigeria. Der namensgebende Fluss Niger durchfließt den relativ dicht besiedelten Südwesten des Wüstenstaates. Since then, the Nigerian military has been deployed across West Africa, curbing terrorism in countries like Mali, Senegal, Chad, and Cameroon, as well as dealing with the Mali War, and getting Yahya Jammeh out of power in 2017. Stadtteil mit asiatischer Bevölkerung. [93] The regime came to an end in 1998, when the dictator died in the villa. English as a first language is used by only a small minority of the country's urban elite, and it is not spoken at all in some rural areas. This caused controversy ECOWAS, citing France Co-opting African Unity and if ratified, would lead to a loss of sovereignty. The Nigerian Military consists of an army, a navy, and an air force. Lagos is currently taking steps to become a global city. [265], In April 2016, more than 500 people in ten villages in predominantly Christian areas in Agatu were murdered by Fulani herdsmen. [176][177][178], Nigeria in recent years has been embracing industrialisation. Der Kommunikationsminister Habi Mahamadou Salissou hielt zum Start der Sensibilisierungskampagne in Tillabéri eine kleine Rede. When elections were held in 1965, the Nigerian National Democratic Party came to power in Nigeria's Western Region. NigComSat-1R was also a DFH-4 satellite, and the replacement for the failed NigComSat-1 was successfully launched into orbit by China in Xichang on 19 December 2011. This is in support of the doctrine sometimes called Pax Nigeriana. Nigerian citizens have authored many influential works of post-colonial literature in the English language. [162] In June 2013, Shell announced a strategic review of its operations in Nigeria, hinting that assets could be divested. In 1986, he established the Nigerian Political Bureau of 1986 which made recommendations for the transition to the Third Nigerian Republic. The military carefully planned the return to civilian rule putting in place measures to ensure that political parties had broader support than witnessed during the first republic. Area 1.27 million sq km (489,000 sq miles), Major languages French (official), Hausa, Songhai, Arabic, Major religions Islam, indigenous beliefs, Life expectancy 55 years (men), 56 years (women), Currency CFA (Communaute Financiere Africaine) franc. Child marriage remains common in Northern Nigeria. In August 1993, Babangida finally kept his promise to relinquish power to a civilian government, but not before appointing Ernest Shonekan head of the Interim National Government. Holman, Michael (24 February 1986) "Nigeria, Politics; Religious Differences Intensify". Waste management including sewage treatment, the linked processes of deforestation and soil degradation, and climate change or global warming are the major environmental problems in Nigeria. [188][189] The satellite, was stated to have a positive impact on national development in various sectors such as communications, internet services, health, agriculture, environmental protection and national security.[190]. As of 2014, the industry was worth ₦853.9 billion (US$5.1 billion) making it the third most valuable film industry in the world, behind the United States and India. Football is largely considered Nigeria's national sport and the country has its own Premier League of football. gross domestic product rate decreased to 2%. Explore human development data from around the world using the interactive tools below. [283] The total population in Niger was estimated at 23.2 million people in 2019, according to the latest census figures and projections from Trading Economics. Lagos is the largest city in Africa, with a population of over 12 million in its urban area.[134]. Southern Cameroons (since renamed by separatists as Ambazonia) opted to join the Republic of Cameroon while Northern Cameroons chose to remain in Nigeria. Britain and the Soviet Union were the main military backers of the Nigerian government; with Nigeria utilizing air support from Egyptian pilots provided by Gamal Abdel Nasser,[70][71] while France and Israel aided the Biafrans. Niger (deutsch [ˈniːgɐ], französisch [niˈʒɛːʁ]), Vollform Republik Niger, ist ein Binnenstaat in Westafrika.Der namensgebende Fluss Niger durchfließt den relativ dicht besiedelten Südwesten des Wüsten- und Savannenstaates.. In 1995, an estimated 21,000 Nigerian doctors were practising in the United States alone, which is about the same as the number of doctors working in the Nigerian public service. [132][133] Nigeria has five cities with a population of over a million (from largest to smallest): Lagos, Kano, Ibadan, Benin City and Port Harcourt. [301], Nigerian cuisine, like West African cuisine in general, is known for its richness and variety. [112] Following the bloody civil war, nationalism has seen an increase in the southern part of the country leading to active secessionist movements such as the Oodua Peoples Congress (OPC) and the Movement for the Actualization of the Sovereign State of Biafra (MASSOB), though these groups are largely small and not representative of the entire ethnic group. In 2017 agreements were signed for the construction of the Itu nuclear power plant. [12] Nigeria is divided roughly in half between Muslims, who live mostly in the north, and Christians, who live mostly in the south. Pengikut agama Islam merupakan kelompok keagamaan terbesar kedua di dunia. Überblick Überblick Der Datensatz Bevölkerung im Schulalter, Grundschule, weiblich für Niger enthält Daten vom Jahr 1970 bis 2014.Definition Definition School age population. NigeriaSat-2, Nigeria's second satellite, was built as a high-resolution earth satellite by Surrey Space Technology Limited, a United Kingdom-based satellite technology company. With the majority of Nigeria's populace in the rural areas, the major languages of communication in the country remain indigenous languages. For instance, northern Nigeria did not outlaw slavery until 1936 whilst in other parts of Nigeria slavery was abolished soon after colonialism. NigComSat-1, was the first Nigerian satellite built-in 2004, was Nigeria's third satellite and Africa's first communication satellite. Abuja is home to several parks and green areas. The main Muslim and Christian festivals are often celebrated in ways that are unique to Nigeria or unique to the people of a locality. Togo: French (the language of commerce) Ewe and Mina (the two major African languages in the south), Kabye (Kabiye) … Mauritania’s endless sea of sand dunes hides an open secret: An estimated 10% to 20% of the population lives in slavery. It produced life-sized terracotta figures that are some of the earliest known sculptures in Sub-Saharan Africa[38][39][40][41][42] and smelted iron by about 550 BC and possibly a few centuries earlier. There has subsequently been a period of relative harmony[when?] since the Federal Government introduced tough new measures against religious violence in all affected parts of the country. [261], Between 2011 and 2018, Boko Haram has been responsible for more than 37,000 deaths in the region. Since 2002, the country has seen sectarian violence by Boko Haram, a movement that seeks to abolish the secular system of government and establish Sharia law in the country. In reality, money is taken out instead, and/or large fees (which seem small in comparison with the imaginary wealth he awaits) are deducted. By the end of 2017, there were around 4,000 players in more than 100 clubs in the country. [242][243] In 2012, a new bone marrow donor program was launched by the University of Nigeria to help people with leukaemia, lymphoma, or sickle cell disease to find a compatible donor for a life-saving bone marrow transplant, which cures them of their conditions. Many countries in Africa are affected by Invasive Alien Species (IAS). The birth rate is 35.2-births/1,000 population and the death rate is 9.6 deaths/1,000 population as of 2017, while the total fertility rate is 5.07 children born/woman. In 2019, the economy began to recover slightly with the nation's real GDP growing by 2.3% and the IMF estimating another increase of 2.3% in 2020. After negotiations by the Nigerian authorities, in October 2005 Nigeria and its Paris Club creditors reached an agreement under which Nigeria repurchased its debt at a discount of approximately 60%. Bevölkerung in Costa Rica. Consistent with the rise of Nigeria as an increasingly dangerous hot spot, 28 of the 30 seafarers kidnapped globally between January and June 2013 were in Nigeria. [156] Agriculture used to be the principal foreign exchange earner of Nigeria. Goodluck Jonathan was sworn in as Yar'Adua's successor,[98] becoming the 14th Head of State. The utilization of these and many other herbs growing naturally within the farm environment is opportunistic. Since the 1990s, Ukraine’s population has been declining due to high emigration rates, low birth rates, and high death rates.